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Engineering Excel Templates Blog

Here you will find informational articles on topics related to the Excel spreadsheets for civil and mechanical engineering calculations available from the DOWNLOADS page.  This includes articles in the clickable categories below: pipe flow calculations, open channel flow, heat transfer/heat exchangers, storm water/hydrology, continuous beam analysis and design, open channel flow measurement, and pipe flow measurement topics.  Scroll down on each category page to see all of the articles.

Similar blog articles are available at our companion site, www.EngineeringExcelSpreadsheets.com.

Pipe Flow CalculationsOpen Channel FlowHeat Transfer/Heat ExchangersStorm Water/HydrologyCurrentWastewater TreatmentOpen Channel Flow MeasurementStructural Analysis and Design of BeamsPipe Flow MeasurementEngineering EconomicsFluid PropertiesSurveying

Wastewater Metal Precipitation Calculations

Posted on Saturday, August 22, 2020 at 10:35 PM

Where to Find a Wastewater Metal Precipitation Calculations Spreadsheet

To obtain a Wastewater Metal Preciptitation Calculations Spreadsheet, click here to visit our spreadsheet store.  This Excel spreadsheet has worksheets for calculating equilibrium values and design values for precipitation of seven metals from wastewater, based on user input values for several parameters . You can buy a convenient metal hydroxide preciptiation spreadsheet for a very reasonable price.  It is available in either U.S. units or S.I. units.  Read on for background information about a Wastewater Metal Precipitation Calculations Spreadsheet.

Background for a Wastewater Metal Precipitation Calculations Spreadsheet

To make calculation for metal hydroxide precipitation from wastewater, data for the solubility of that metal vs pH can be used to obtain an equation for the metal hydroxide solubility as a function of pH.  An example graph for zinc solubility vs pH is shown below.

Wastewater Metal Precipitation Spreadsheet Zn vs pH graphUsing an equation like that shown on the graph, equilibrium values can be calculated for effluent metal concentration, chemical usage and solids production.  Application of a safety factor will give design values for effluent metal concentration, chemical usage and solids production.

Example Wastewater Metal Precipitation Calculations Spreadsheet

An example wastewater metal precipitation calculations spreadsheet is partially shown in the image below.  .  This Excel spreadsheet can be used to calculate equilibrium and design values for effluent metal concentration, chemical usage and solids production.based on user input values for wastewater flow rate, metal concentrations, design safety factor, and chemical used and its purity, .  This Excel spreadsheet, as well as others for water and wastewater treatment calculations, is available in either U.S. or S.I. units for a very reasonable price in our spreadsheet store.

References:

1. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, 4th Ed., New York, NY, 2003.

2. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Resource Recovery, 5th Ed., New York, NY, 2014.

3. Bengtson, Harlan H.,  "Wastewater Metal Precipitation Spreadsheet" an online blog article.

Fine Screen and Bar Screen Calculations

Posted on Thursday, August 13, 2020 at 4:19 PM

Where to Find a Fine Screen and Bar Screen Calculations Spreadsheet

To obtain a Fine Screen and Bar Screen Calculations Spreadsheet, click here to visit our spreadsheet store.  This Excel spreadsheet has worksheets for calculating the head loss through a bar screen, head loss through a fine screen, estimated daily volume of screenings collected for a fine screen and for a bar screen, based on user input values for several parameters . You can buy a convenient fine screen and bar screen calculations spreadsheet for a very reasonable price.  It is available in either U.S. units or S.I. units.  Read on for background information about a Fine Screen and Bar Screen Calculations Spreadsheet.

Background for Fine Screen and Bar Screen a Calculations Spreadsheet

For information about making calculations for wastewater screening, including bar screens and perforated screens (also known as fine screens).  The equation used to calculate the head loss across a bar screen is:

Wastewater Screening Calculations Spreadsheet equationWhere:

Wastewater Screening Calculations Spreadsheet variables

The liquid velocity in the approach channel can be calculated using the Manning Equation and the liquid velocity going through the screen can be calculated if information about the number of bars, space between bars, channel width, and flow depth are known.

An equation for calculating the head loss across a fine screen is also available as a function of the flow rate through the screen, the discharge coefficient for the screen (typically 0.6 for a clean screen, and the effective open area of the submerged screen.

Example Fine Screen and Bar Screen Calculations Spreadsheet

An example fine screen and bar screen calculations spreadsheet is partially shown in the image below.  .  This Excel spreadsheet can be used to calculate the head loss across either a bar screen or a perforated screen and an estimate of the daily screenings volume for either a bar screen or a perforated screen.based on several user input values.  This Excel spreadsheet, as well as others for water and wastewater treatment calculations, is available in either U.S. or S.I. units for a very reasonable price in our spreadsheet store.

Wastewater Screening Calculations Spreadsheet ScreenshotReferences:

1. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, 4th Ed., New York, NY, 2003.

2. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Resource Recovery, 5th Ed., New York, NY, 2014.

3. Bengtson, Harlan H.,  “Wastewater Screening Calculations Spreadsheet,” an online blog article

EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet

Posted on Friday, June 5, 2020 at 2:26 PM

Where to Find an EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet

To obtain an EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet, click here to visit our spreadsheet store.  This Excel spreadsheet is intended for making design calculations for pre-anoxic denitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a CMAS (completely mixed activated sludge) system. You can buy a convenient EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet for a very reasonable price.  It is available in either U.S. units or S.I. units.  Read on for background information about EBPR Design Calculations.

Background for an EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet

Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal  can be carried out with the A2O (Anaerobic, Anoxic process, as shown in the diagram below.

EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet process flow diagramThe primary effluent goes first to an anaerobic tank, then to an anoxic tank and then to the aerated activated sludge tank.  The recycle flows include an internal reycle (IR) flow from the aeration tank effluent to the anoxic tank, and recycle activated sludge from the secondary clarifier underflow to the anaerobic tank.

 Example EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet

An example EBPR design calculations spreadsheet is partially shown in the image below.  This Excel spreadsheet can be used to calculate the required anaerobic tank size, and calculate the phosphorus removal rate and sludge production rate.  This Excel spreadsheet, as well as others for wastewater treatment process design calculations, is available in either U.S. or S.I. units for a very reasonable price in our spreadsheet store.

EBPR Design Calculations Spreadsheet ScreenshotReferences:

1. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Resource Recovery, 5th Ed., New York, NY, 2014.

3. Bengtson, Harlan H.,  "EPBR A2O Design Calculations Spreadsheet," an online blog article.

Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design

Posted on Monday, May 4, 2020 at 2:57 PM

Where to Find a Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifer Design Spreadsheet

To obtain a Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design Spreadsheet, click here to visit our spreadsheet store.  This Excel spreadsheet is intended for calculating design parameters such as total plate area, plate width, module width, length, and height, and HRT for flow between plates for a lamella inclined plate clarifier, based on user input values for several parameters . You can buy a convenient lamella inclned plate clarifier design spreadsheet for a very reasonable price.  It is available in either U.S. units or S.I. units.  Read on for background information about an Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design Spreadsheet.

Background for a Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design

For information about making calculations for an activated sludge secondary clarifier, see the post  Activated Sludge Secondary Clarifier Design Spreadsheet, Instead of an activated sludge secondary clarifier, this post is about a lamella inclined plate clarifier design spreadsheet.  An inclined plate lamella clarifier obtains more settling area for the same footprint by using a set of inclined plates in the clarifier as illustrated in the following schematic diagram for a lamella inclined plate clarifier.

Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design Schematic DiagramPotential values for some of the design parameters for a lamella inclined plate clarifier are shown in the following table:

Potential Values for Design Parameters:

lamella inclined plate clarifier design parameter valuesThe source for the values in the above table is: www.wikivisually.com/wiki/Lamella_clarifier

Example Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design Spreadsheet

An example Lamella Inclined Plate clarifier design spreadsheet is partially shown in the image below.  .  This Excel spreadsheet can be used to calculate the required plate area and module dimensions based on several user input values.  This Excel spreadsheet, as well as others for water and wastewater treatment calculations, is available in either U.S. or S.I. units for a very reasonable price in our spreadsheet store.

lamella inclined plate clarifier deisgn spreadsheetReferences:

1. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Reuse, 4th Ed., New York, NY, 2003.

2. Metcalf & Eddy, Inc, (Revised by Tchobanoglous, G, Burton, F.L, Stensel, H.D.), Wastewater Engineering, Treatment and Resource Recovery, 5th Ed., New York, NY, 2014.

3. Bengtson, Harlan H., Lamella Inclined Plate Clarifier Design Spreadsheet, an online blog article

MBBR MBR SBR Spreadsheet Bundle

Posted on Sunday, January 12, 2020 at 5:24 PM

Where to Find an MBBR-MBR-SBR Spreadsheet Bundle

To obtain an MBBR-MBR-SBR Spreadsheet Bundle, click here to visit our spreadsheet store. You can buy your choice of several different MBBR MBR SBR spreadsheets as a convenient MBBR-MBR-SBR Spreadsheet Bundle or Excel spreadsheets for wastewater treatment design for MBBR wastewater treatment, MBR wastewater treatment or SBR wastewater treatment for very reasonable prices.  This Excel spreadsheet bundle include process design calculations for MBBR wastewater treatment processes, MBR wastewater treatment processed, SBR wastewater treatment processes.   These Excel spreadsheets are available in either U.S. units or S.I. units.  Read on for more information about MBBR MBR SBR Spreadsheets.

MBBR processes in an MBBR-MBR-SBR Spreadsheet Bundle

MBBR wastewater treatment process design spreadsheets are included in all of the MBBR-MBR-SBR spreadsheet bundle mentioned above.  The MBBR wastewater treatment process is quite flexible.  It is used for domestic and industrial wastewater treatment and can be designed for BOD removal alone or in combination with nitrification or with nitrification and denitrification.  It is used as a single stage process or as a two-stage or three-stage process.

The diagram below shows the general configuration of a Pre-anoxic nitrification denitrification MBBR wastewater treatment process.  Denitrification can also be carried out in a Post-Anoxic nitrification denitrification process.

MBBR MBR SBR Spreadsheets MBBR Flow Diagram

Figure 1. MBBR Wastewater Treatment Flow Diagram for Pre-Anoxic Deniitrification

MBR Processes in an MBBR-MBR-SBR Spreadsheet Bundle

A membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment system (MBR) can provide a compact alternative to the conventional activated sludge process. The MBR process uses filtration through a membrane instead of secondary clarification, so it produces a very high quality effluent.  Primary clarification is not typically used in a membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment system.  Fine screening is needed as a minimum pretreatment, and depending upon wastewater characteristics, coarse screening and grit removal may be needed also. The diagram below shows a general flow diagram for a MBR wastewater treatment system for BOD removal and nitrification.

MBBR MBR SBR Spreadsheet - MBR Process Flow DiagramFigure 2. MBR Wastewater Treatment Flow Diagram for BOD Removal and Nitrification

Currently the membrane module is typically immersed in the aeration tank as shown in the flow diagram.  Denitrification can also be carried out by adding a preanoxic tank before the aeration tank.

 References:

1. McQuarrie, J.P. and Boltz, J.P., Moving Bed Bio-film Reactor Technology: Process Design and Performance, Water Environment Research, Vol 83, No 6, June 2011.

2. Bengtson, Harlan, "MBBR MBR SBR Spreadsheets," an online blog article

3. Bengtson, Harlan, "MBR Wastewater Treatment Process Design," an online blog article

3. Bengtson, Harlan H., "Biological Wastewater Treatment Process Design Calculations," available as an Amazon Kindle ebook or as a paperback.

Trilateration Surveying Data Processing

Posted on Tuesday, January 6, 2015 at 7:13 PM

Where to Find a Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

To obtain a  trilateration surveying data processing program click here to visit our download store.  Look for "WinTri - A Computer Program for Trilateration" in the "Surveying" category to find it.  This standalone program can be used for data reduction in connection with trilateration surveys.  You can buy this convenient data reduction program for trilateration surveys for a very reasonable price (only $79.95).

Introduction to WinTri - A Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

WinTri is a standalone computer program (not a spreadsheet) for trilateration surveying data processing.  It can be used for reduction of data from trilateration surveys; in particular WinTri calculates the coordinates of stations.  The program is general in that it will handle any surveying control figure that a user might specify.  Data validation is a key feature of the program.  Input data from surveys are extensively checked for errors, and warning messages are displayed on the screen when an error is encountered.  In calculating results, WinTri employs least-squares adjustment.

Win-Tri Help screens provide complete, annotated examples of all required input files.  Sufficient explanation is given so that someone who has never used the program before can prepare all input data solely by studying the Help screens.

How to Use WinTri - A Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

This trilateration surveying data processing program is simple to use.  Aside from Help screens, the program displays only three screens.  The first screen is the title screen, and the second is a screen with a single message directing the first-time user to the appropriate help screen designed for beginners.  The third screen displays seven command buttons: (1) Read master file, (2) Enter elevations, (3) Save elevations, (4) Read raw data, (5) Calculate coordinates (of stations), (6) Save results, and (7) Re-start.  The buttons are enabled and disabled automatically as the program user proceeds through the various steps of the analysis.  The "Save elevations" button allows the user to interrupt hand entry of elevation data, stop the program and subsequently start the program at a later time without having to re-enter those elevations that had already been entered.

Besides the command buttons, the third screen contains a textbox labeled "Program Log."  If a step in the operation of the program is successfully completed, the program log displays a message to that effect.  If an error occurs, then the log displays a message describing the error.

A Screenshot of WinTri - A Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

The image below shows a screenshot of the introductory screen of WinTri a trilateration surveying data processing program.

WinTri Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program Screenshot

Figure 1. Screenshot of WinTri, a Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

The Source Code for WinTri - A Trilateration Surveying Data Processing Program

In addition to an executable module that can be installed and run, the source code, consisting of about 5000 Visual Basic 6.0 statements is provided in case the user wants to revise the program to meet specialized needs.  The program is thoroughly documented with commen" are used throughout so that much of the code reads like ordinary English.

Anyone involved in trilateration surveys should find the program helpful.  It is easy to learn, it can be used for any control network that the user specifies, and - most important of all - it greatly lessens the tedious and time-consuming task of locating and identifying errors in the survey data.

Reference

Rossow, Mark, Trilateration Surveying Data Processing, An informational blog article.

 

 

 

Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams - A Tutorial

Posted on Wednesday, December 31, 2014 at 10:57 PM

 

Where to Find a Tutorial on Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams

To obtain a tutorial program on  shear and bending moment diagrams, click here to visit our download store.  Look for "Understanding V and M Diagrams" in the "Strength of Materials" category to find it.  This standalone program provides practice for learning the principles underlying shear diagrams and bending moment diagrams.  You can buy this convenient tutorial beam diagrams program on how to draw V and M diagrams for a very reasonable price (only $4.95).

A Description of the Tutorial Program on Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams

This standalone program contains over 50 exercises, which have been chosen to represent all common boundary conditions and load cases for structural beams.  The difficulty of the exercises ranges from easy to challenging.

The program is highly interactive: starting with a point at the origin of the shear diagram, the user calculates the coordinates of the next point where the diagram changes slope or direction.  Then the user employs the mouse cursor to plot this point on the screen.  After plotting the point, the user specifies the type of curve (for example, straight line or curved line concave up), connecting the two points.  The user proceeds in a similar manner to plot the next point on the diagram and connect it to the most recently plotted point.  Continuing in this fashion, the user completes the shear diagram and then goes on to the bending moment diagram.

Five kinds of Help screens are available:

  • A step-by-step tutorial on how to operate the program is provided which guides the user through a simple example on how to draw shear and bending moment diagrams.
  • Diagrams defining sign conventions for V (shear) and M (bending moment) are given.
  • Techniques for calculating V and M are described in terms of specific numerical calculations.
  • The answer for the current step in the diagram construction is given—the value of V or M or type of curve connecting two points on the diagram.  How the answer is calculated is explained in detail.
  • A complete numerical example showing both shear and bending moment diagrams with key values labeled on the diagrams is provided.  When the user positions the mouse cursor over any part of the diagram, a pop-up window opens containing an explanation of how that particular part of the diagram was constructed.  For example, positioning the cursor over the point of maximum moment on the beam (which is loaded with a distributed load) brings up the comment that the maximum moment occurs where the shear is zero.  Positioning the cursor over a jump in the shear diagram brings up the comment that the jump is caused by the support reaction acting on the beam.

A quiz facility is also provided for use of the program in a classroom setting.

Screenshot of Tutorial Program on Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams

The beginning of the tutorial on Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams is shown in the image below.  This program can be used to help understand V and M diagrams and how to construct them.

How to Draw V and M Diagrams Tutorial Screenshot

Figure 1. A Tutorial Program on Shear and Bending Moment Diagrams

 

 

Reference

Rossow, M, How to Draw V and M Diagrams - A Tutorial, a blog article at http://www.engineeringexcelspreadsheets.com/2014/12/how-to-draw-v-and-m-diagrams-a-tutorial/

 

 

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